feat hadoop hainiu (-)zookeeper、hdfs
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source/_posts/bigdata/hadoop/hdfs.md
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294
source/_posts/bigdata/hadoop/hdfs.md
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---
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title: Hadoop集群HDFS配置
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top_img: /img/site01.jpg
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top_img_height: 800px
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abbrlink: 61252
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date: 2024-09-011 22:45:40
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---
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### 上传`hadoop-3.1.4.tar.gz`到`/tmp`，解压
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>注意在六台机器均上传到`/tmp`
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```bash
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# 在6台机器执行
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sudo tar -zxvf /tmp/hadoop-3.1.4.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
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# 分发到其他主机
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ssh_root.sh chown -R hadoop:hadoop /usr/local/hadoop-3.1.4
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ssh_root.sh ln -s /usr/local/hadoop-3.1.4/ /usr/local/hadoop
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```
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### 配置环境变量
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```bash
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echo 'export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop' >> /etc/profile.d/myEnv.sh
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echo 'export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin' >> /etc/profile.d/myEnv.sh
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echo 'export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin' >> /etc/profile.d/myEnv.sh
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```
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```bash
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# 分发到nn2、nn3、s1、s2、s3
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scp_all.sh /etc/profile.d/myEnv.sh /etc/profile.d/
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# source 环境变量
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ssh_root.sh source /etc/profile
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```
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>还需要创建 `/data`这个目录，由于nn1、nn2、nn3已经创建`/data`，其他三台需要创建一下
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```bash
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### 在s1、s2、s3执行
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sudo mkdir /data
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sudo chown -R hadoop:hadoop /data
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```
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### 修改core-site.xml
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```bash
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vim /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml
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```
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```xml
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<configuration>
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<property>
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<name>fs.defaultFS</name>
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<value>hdfs://ns1</value>
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<description>默认文件服务的协议和NS逻辑名称，和hdfs-site.xml里的对应此配置替代了1.0里的fs.default.name</description>
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</property>
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<property>
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<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
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<value>/data/tmp</value>
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<description>数据存储目录</description>
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</property>
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<property>
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<name>hadoop.proxyuser.root.groups</name>
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<value>hadoop</value>
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<description>
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hdfs dfsadmin –refreshSuperUserGroupsConfiguration,
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yarn rmadmin –refreshSuperUserGroupsConfiguration
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使用这两个命令不用重启就能刷新
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</description>
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</property>
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<property>
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<name>hadoop.proxyuser.root.hosts</name>
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<value>localhost</value>
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<description>本地代理</description>
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</property>
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<!-- zkfc的配置 -->
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<property>
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<name>ha.zookeeper.quorum</name>
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<value>nn1:2181,nn2:2181,nn3:2181</value>
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<description>HA使用的zookeeper地址</description>
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</property>
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</configuration>
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```
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### 修改`hdfs-site.xml`
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```bash
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vim /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml
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```
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```xml
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<configuration>
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<property>
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<name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
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<value>/data/namenode</value>
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<description>namenode本地文件存放地址</description>
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</property>
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<property>
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<name>dfs.nameservices</name>
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<value>ns1</value>
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<description>提供服务的NS逻辑名称，与core-site.xml里的对应</description>
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</property>
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<!-- namenode的配置 -->
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<!-- 主要的 -->
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<property>
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<name>dfs.ha.namenodes.ns1</name>
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<value>nn1,nn2,nn3</value>
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<description>列出该逻辑名称下的NameNode逻辑名称</description>
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</property>
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<property>
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<name>dfs.namenode.rpc-address.ns1.nn1</name>
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<value>nn1:9000</value>
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<description>指定NameNode的RPC位置</description>
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</property>
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<property>
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<name>dfs.namenode.http-address.ns1.nn1</name>
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<value>nn1:50070</value>
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<description>指定NameNode的Web Server位置</description>
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</property>
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<property>
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<name>dfs.namenode.rpc-address.ns1.nn2</name>
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<value>nn2:9000</value>
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<description>指定NameNode的RPC位置</description>
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</property>
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<property>
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<name>dfs.namenode.http-address.ns1.nn2</name>
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<value>nn2:50070</value>
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<description>指定NameNode的Web Server位置</description>
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</property>
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<property>
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<name>dfs.namenode.rpc-address.ns1.nn3</name>
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<value>nn3:9000</value>
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<description>指定NameNode的RPC位置</description>
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</property>
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<property>
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<name>dfs.namenode.http-address.ns1.nn3</name>
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<value>nn3:50070</value>
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<description>指定NameNode的Web Server位置</description>
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</property>
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<property>
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<name>dfs.namenode.handler.count</name>
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<value>77</value>
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<description>namenode的工作线程数</description>
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</property>
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<!-- journaldata配置,使得其他两个namenode同步第一个namenode数据 -->
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<property>
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<name>dfs.namenode.shared.edits.dir</name>
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<value>qjournal://nn1:8485;nn2:8485;nn3:8485/ns1</value>
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<description>指定用于HA存放edits的共享存储，通常是namenode的所在机器</description>
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</property>
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<property>
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<name>dfs.journalnode.edits.dir</name>
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<value>/data/journaldata/</value>
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<description>journaldata服务存放文件的地址</description>
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</property>
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<property>
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<name>ipc.client.connect.max.retries</name>
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<value>10</value>
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<description>namenode和journalnode的链接重试次数10次</description>
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</property>
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<property>
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<name>ipc.client.connect.retry.interval</name>
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<value>10000</value>
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<description>重试的间隔时间10s</description>
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</property>
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<!-- zkfc的配置 -->
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<property>
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<name>dfs.ha.fencing.methods</name>
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<value>sshfence</value>
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<description>指定HA做隔离的方法，缺省是ssh，可设为shell，稍后详述</description>
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</property>
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<property>
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<name>dfs.ha.fencing.ssh.private-key-files</name>
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<value>/home/hadoop/.ssh/id_rsa</value>
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<description>杀死命令脚本的免密配置秘钥</description>
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</property>
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<property>
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<name>dfs.client.failover.proxy.provider.ns1</name>
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<value>org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.ha.ConfiguredFailoverProxyProvider</value>
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<description>指定客户端用于HA切换的代理类，不同的NS可以用不同的代理类以上示例为Hadoop 2.0自带的缺省代理类</description>
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</property>
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<property>
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<name>dfs.client.failover.proxy.provider.auto-ha</name>
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<value>org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.ha.ConfiguredFailoverProxyProvider</value>
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</property>
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<property>
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<name>dfs.ha.automatic-failover.enabled</name>
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<value>true</value>
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</property>
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<!-- datanode配置 -->
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<property>
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<name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
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<value>/data/datanode</value>
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<description>datanode本地文件存放地址</description>
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</property>
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<property>
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<name>dfs.replication</name>
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<value>3</value>
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<description>文件复本数</description>
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</property>
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<property>
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<name>dfs.namenode.datanode.registration.ip-hostname-check</name>
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<value>false</value>
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</property>
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<property>
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<name>dfs.client.use.datanode.hostname</name>
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<value>true</value>
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</property>
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<property>
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<name>dfs.datanode.use.datanode.hostname</name>
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<value>true</value>
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</property>
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</configuration>
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```
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### 修改`hadoop-env.sh`
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```bash
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vim /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh
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```
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```bash
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# 添加这两行
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source /etc/profile
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export HADOOP_HEAPSIZE_MAX=512
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```
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### 分发这些配置文件
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```bash
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scp_all.sh /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/
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scp_all.sh /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/
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scp_all.sh /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/
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```
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### 集群初始化
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- 需要先启动zookeeper集群
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```bash
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ssh_all_zookeeper.sh /usr/local/zookeeper/bin/zkServer.sh start
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```
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```bash
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# 第一次启动先启动journalnode，便于3个namenode的元数据同步
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ssh_all_zookeeper.sh hadoop-daemon.sh start journalnode
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```
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- `zkfc`搭建
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```bash
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#在nn1节点执行
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hdfs zkfc -formatZK
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#nn1 nn2 nn3启动zkfc
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hadoop-daemon.sh start zkfc
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```
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- 初始化nn1的namenode，在nn1执行
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```bash
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hdfs namenode -format
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hadoop-daemon.sh start namenode
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```
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- 格式化第二台和第三台namenode，并且启动namenode,在nn2、nn3执行
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```bash
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hdfs namenode -bootstrapStandby
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hadoop-daemon.sh start namenode
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```
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- 修改**workers**
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```bash
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vim /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/workers
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```
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修改为
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```text
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s1
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s2
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s3
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```
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分发给其他机器
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```bash
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scp_all.sh /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/workers /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop
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```
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- 启动datanode节点，在s1、s2、s3执行
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```bash
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#启动各个节点的datanode
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hadoop-daemons.sh start datanode
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```
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### 集群启动
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```bash
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start-dfs.sh
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```
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